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Even though [http://www.agreensupply.com/no-more-100-watt-regular-incandescent-light-bulbs-in-california-starting-this-year-2011/ LED lights] (mostly in the form of individual diodes) have been part of our daily life for years, their use for illumination purposes started only several years later. This was due to low light production and to other conditions provided only by later technical inventions.

So what are the instances that make it possible to have LED light bulbs, which function at mains and emit enough light to replace any of our conventional light bulbs?

Light emitting diodes work at low voltage DC, hence LED light bulbs for household use, need to include indoor circuits to operate from AC. Another important condition is obviously a decent light output of the LEDs. While, the light given off by a single LED is improving fast due to the enormous technological research, most LED light bulbs contain a great number of diodes, to increase light emission. LED light bulbs employed as a main source of lighting in households began with the introduction of SMD technology to LED lighting systems, and was followed by higher power LEDs. These are very bright LEDs, but they are difficult to place into the small space provided by the traditional light bulb.

Milestone products in home use were Osram's replacement for a 40W conventional light in 2009, and Philips' alternative of a 50W bulb in May 2010. The light bulbs made with this high light output are complete replacements of previous light bulbs of filament types, with similar beam angles. Also, hundreds of Chinese manufacturers work on developing new LED products at a cost much more available to the average people. These products might lack branding, that are a guarantee for quality, but might manufacture quality products with warranty.

An additional issue was heat generated by the LEDs. LEDs are warm sensitive devices, therefore their thermal management is crucial. When installed close to each other - particularly with high power LEDs, which generate more heat - LEDs can easily overheat each other, which eventually leads to the failing of the device. The easiest way of avoiding the overheating of LEDs is basically, to allow them to be uncovered, although this would mean that, they are also unprotected, and this could also lessen their life expectancy due to the dirt or oil depositing on the LEDs surface. The answer was the development of heat sinks with cooling fins directly into the design of the light bulb itself. This provides a proper air circulation and eventually releases much of the heat generated by the LEDs.

LEDs come in regular fittings for the sake of easy replacement, however not all LEDs work at the mains, 12V LED lamps are still available for running them on batteries or transformers. Transformers need to be LED compatible, as the electronic transformers most frequently used with halogen lights destroy LEDs. There is no such problem with LED bulbs which are suited for 220V or mains. So those, who would like to reduce their cost of lighting speedily, this is the solution they were looking for.
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